1. Initial Submission

Manuscript submitted via the journal’s submission system.

Authors confirm originality, ethical compliance, and reference consistency.

2. Editorial Screening

Handling Editor assesses:

Scope fit.

Scholarly quality baseline.

Ethical compliance.

Plagiarism screening.

Outcomes:

Desk rejection.

Proceed to peer review.

3. Reviewer Assignment

Reviewers with discipline-appropriate expertise are invited.

Review is double-blind.

4. Peer Review

Reviewers assess the manuscript using field-appropriate standards.

Reviewers provide:

Structured evaluation.

Confidential comments to the editor.

Comments for the author.

5. Editorial Decision

Based on reviewer comments then handling editor makes one of the following decisions: 

Accept

Minor revision

Major revision

Reject

6. Revision Cycle

Authors submit revised manuscript and response to reviewers.

Revised submissions may be returned to reviewers if necessary.

7. Final Decision

Editor confirms acceptance or rejection based on revisions.

8. Author Notification and Fee Payment

Author is notified of final manuscript status.

If accepted, author pays Article Processing Charge. 

8. Production

Copyediting.

Harmonization to journal format.

Proofing.

9. Publication

Article assigned e-locator (i.e., article number) and DOI.

Published online immediately after final proof (continuous publication).